Exercise affects the bones through mechanical loading and the resulting adaptation. This means that loading causes structural changes in the bones and in cell metabolism, which finally leads to improved mineral density, mass and structural strength.

If the loading caused by the exercise is of the right type, i.e. sufficiently intensive and dosed properly, exercise will result in positive bone effects.

Good bone exercises are generally ones that require jumping, leaping and fast direction changes, such as step aerobic, football, floorball, basket ball, rope skipping and even Nordic walking if combined with jumps and leaps.